Nitrites in the urine are a sign that bacteria that can convert nitrates to nitrites are present in the urine. These bacteria should be treated with antibiotics like ciprofloxacin, particularly if they are causing symptoms. Show Although a urine microscopy test can identify the presence of bacteria and nitrites when the urine is visualized under a microscope, a more specific urine test, a urine culture, should be ordered to look for bacteria in the urine, even if it is negative for nitrites. The urine culture is able to confirm the type of bacteria present in the urine, which allows the doctor to prescribe an antibiotics that is most suitable to treat it.
 How nitrites are testedA urine R&M test (routine and microscopy) is able to detect the presence of nitrites. Urine collection should be done first thing in the morning with a sterile container. Before collecting, wipe the genital area and urethra, and pee first into the toilet, then into the cup. Some bacteria have the ability to convert nitrates that are normally present in urine to nitrites. Urine dip tests are able to identify these nitrites as well as other elements in the urine. However, even if the urine is negative for nitrites, it does not mean that bacteria is not present in the urine. Some bacteria do not have the ability to convert nitrates, and are only identified through an R&M or culture test. To confirm a diagnosis for a urinary tract infection through an R&M test, several characteristics should be noted in the urine, such as leukocytes, red blood cells, and bacteria. Treatment for positive nitritesTreatment for positive nitrites in a urine test should be guided by a doctor. Typically it involves the use of antibiotics like amoxicillin or ciprofloxacin during 3, 7, 10 or 14 days. The length of treatment will depend on the medication used, the dosing and the severity of infection. In the meantime, when there are changes noted to a urine test without any symptoms, treatment may not be necessary. The body may be able to fight the microorganism on its own to prevent an infection. In these cases, the doctor may order a follow-up test to check for infection later on. For positive nitrites during pregnancy, women should consult their obstetrician to start treatment with pregnancy-safe antibiotics, like cephalexin or ampicillin, as pregnancy increases the risk of a UTI reaching the kidneys.
Under a Creative Commons license Open access AbstractBackground and objectivesTo evaluate whether initial urinalysis (UA) and urinary nitrite results can be used as a proxy for choosing empiric antibiotic therapy. Materials and methodsA retrospective study was conducted in an urban inner city community hospital in New York City (NYU Woodhull Medical Center). We reviewed the charts of patients seen in the Emergency Department and Pediatric Clinic who had a diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) during a 3 year time period (January 2010–December 2012). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 statistical software. ResultsBetween January 2010 and December 2012, a total of 378 patients had a diagnosis of UTI. Seventy-five (19.8%) were males and 203 (80.2%) were females. Of the 378 patients with a diagnosis of UTI, the most common isolated pathogen was Escherichia coli, which was detected in 283 (74.9%) isolates. Other bacteria included Klebsiella spp 30 (7.9%), Proteus 21 (5.6%), Enterococcus 14 (3.7%), and others 30 (7.9%). The resistance rate was higher in the nitrite positive group for the following antibiotics: TMP/SMX and ampicillin with or without sulbactam. No significant correlation was found with the remaining studied antibiotics. No significant correlation was found between leukoesterase and the resistance patterns in all of the studied antibiotics, except cefazolin. ConclusionUrinary nitrite results are not helpful in choosing an initial antibiotic to treat a UTI. Leukocytosis in the blood or urine or the presence of a fever cannot be used to predict bacterial resistance. The use of nitrofurantoin or cephalexin for the treatment of cystitis was optimum, and in the presence of negative leukoesterase, nitrofurantoin was preferable to cephalexin. KeywordsPediatrics Infectious disease-bacteria Renal Emergency department management AbbreviationsUTI urinary tract infection Cited by (0)What bacteria produce nitrites in urine?Gram-negative enteric organisms produce urinary nitrite and represent the most common uropathogens.
What can cause positive nitrites in urine?Many of these types of bacteria change a normal chemical in your urine, called nitrates, into another chemical, called nitrites. So, if you have nitrites in your urine, it usually means that you have a urinary tract infection (UTI). UTIs are one of the most common types of infections, especially in women.
Can you have positive nitrites without UTI?A positive nitrite test usually means infection. It generally requires more than 10,000 bacteria per mL to turn the nitrite dipstick positive, making it a specific but not a sensitive test. A negative nitrite test does not rule out a UTI, but a positive one strongly suggests infection.
Does E coli cause positive nitrite?A positive result on the nitrite test is highly specific for UTI, typically because of urease-splitting organisms, such as Proteus species and, occasionally, E coli; however, it is very insensitive as a screening tool, as only 25% of patients with UTI have a positive nitrite test result.
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What bacteria causes positive nitrite in urine
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